The Good Shepherd - Week 13
John 10
Note: The study related to these questions may be found at Catholic Exchange. Please go to their site for the complete material concerning this study. Unless otherwise noted, on scriptural references are from the Revised Standard Version (RSV). Below are my thoughts on the questions presented for the given study (Please see disclaimer at bottom).
1. Read verse 1. What is the sheepfold? (See CCC #553)
(a) From the Catechism of the Catholic Church:
- Jesus entrusted a specific authority to Peter: "I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven." The "power of the keys" designates authority to govern the house of God, which is the Church. Jesus, the Good Shepherd, confirmed this mandate after his Resurrection: "Feed my sheep." The power to "bind and loose" connotes the authority to absolve sins, to pronounce doctrinal judgements, and to make disciplinary decisions in the Church. Jesus entrusted this authority to the Church through the ministry of the apostles and in particular through the ministry of Peter, the only one to whom he specifically entrusted the keys of the kingdom.
(CCC, 553)
The Church.
2. Read verses 2-3. Who is the shepherd of the sheep? Who is the gatekeeper and who are the sheep?
(a) Jesus is the Shepherd. (b) The Gatekeeper is the Successor of Peter, the Pope, and the sheep are those in the Church.
3. In verses 4-5 Jesus says that the sheep know the voice of their shepherd. How do we hear His voice?
(a) We hear God's voice through Scripture and through the teachings of the Church. We get to know His voice through contemplation and through prayer.
4. The Jews did not understand what Jesus was saying so He explains. In verse 8 He says He is the door. Who are those He calls thieves and robbers who came before Him?
(a) The "shepherds" he calls thieves and robbers are the elite of the religious. This would correspond to the Pharisees.
5. Read Psalm 23. What does it mean to have abundant life (vs. 10)?
(a) From the Book of Psalms:
- 0: A Psalm of David. 1: The LORD is my shepherd, I shall not want; 2: he makes me lie down in green pastures. He leads me beside still waters; 3: he restores my soul. He leads me in paths of righteousness for his name's sake. 4: Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I fear no evil; for thou art with me; thy rod and thy staff, they comfort me. 5: Thou preparest a table before me in the presence of my enemies; thou anointest my head with oil, my cup overflows. 6: Surely goodness and mercy shall follow me all the days of my life; and I shall dwell in the house of the LORD for ever.
(Ps 23)
To "dwell in the house of the Lord for ever".
6. Read Job 7:1-3 and Isaiah 40:11. What is the difference between the Good Shepherd and a hireling?
(a) From the Book of Job:
- 1: "Has not man a hard service upon earth, and are not his days like the days of a hireling? 2: Like a slave who longs for the shadow, and like a hireling who looks for his wages, 3: so I am allotted months of emptiness, and nights of misery are apportioned to me.
(Job 7:1-3)
From the Book of the Prophet Isaiah:
- He will feed his flock like a shepherd, he will gather the lambs in his arms, he will carry them in his bosom, and gently lead those that are with young.
(Is 40:11)
A hireling does not have a personal stake in the welfare of the sheep.
7. In verse 16 Jesus states that He has other sheep, not of this fold . Who are these other sheep?
(a) Any Gentiles who follow Christ.
8. In verse 18 Jesus says no one takes His life from Him but rather He lays down His life of His own accord. What is Jesus referring to in saying this?
(a) Jesus is referring to His death and resurrection.
9. Read Matthew 10:24-38. In verse 19 of today's Scripture lesson, we read that there was again division among the Jews. Do you think Jesus' words caused this division? Why or why not?
(a) From the Gospel of Matthew:
- 24: "A disciple is not above his teacher, nor a servant above his master; 25: it is enough for the disciple to be like his teacher, and the servant like his master. If they have called the master of the house Be-el'zebul, how much more will they malign those of his household. 26: "So have no fear of them; for nothing is covered that will not be revealed, or hidden that will not be known. 27: What I tell you in the dark, utter in the light; and what you hear whispered, proclaim upon the housetops. 28: And do not fear those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul; rather fear him who can destroy both soul and body in hell. 29: Are not two sparrows sold for a penny? And not one of them will fall to the ground without your Father's will. 30: But even the hairs of your head are all numbered. 31: Fear not, therefore; you are of more value than many sparrows. 32: So every one who acknowledges me before men, I also will acknowledge before my Father who is in heaven; 33: but whoever denies me before men, I also will deny before my Father who is in heaven. 34: "Do not think that I have come to bring peace on earth; I have not come to bring peace, but a sword. 35: For I have come to set a man against his father, and a daughter against her mother, and a daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law; 36: and a man's foes will be those of his own household. 37: He who loves father or mother more than me is not worthy of me; and he who loves son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me; 38: and he who does not take his cross and follow me is not worthy of me.
(Mt 10:24-38)
Yes. (b) Because there is no partial faith. Either one believes or does not. If one believes, than their actions reflect this belief. Since these actions tend to be contrary to what is promoted in the world, conflict is inevitable.
10. In verse 24 the Pharisees demand that Jesus state plainly if He is the Christ. What is Jesus' response? What reason does Jesus give for their disbelief? (vs. 26)
(a) Jesus responds by stating "I told you, and you do not believe". (b) The reason He gives is that do not belong to His "sheep" and as such do not follow Him.
11. Read verse 29. Does this mean that once you have accepted Jesus as your Lord and Savior, that you can t lose your salvation? Read Matt. 24:13; cf. 25:31 46
(a) From the Gospel of Matthew:
- But he who endures to the end will be saved.
(Mt 24:13)
31: "When the Son of man comes in his glory, and all the angels with him, then he will sit on his glorious throne. 32: Before him will be gathered all the nations, and he will separate them one from another as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats, 33: and he will place the sheep at his right hand, but the goats at the left. 34: Then the King will say to those at his right hand, `Come, O blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world; 35: for I was hungry and you gave me food, I was thirsty and you gave me drink, I was a stranger and you welcomed me, 36: I was naked and you clothed me, I was sick and you visited me, I was in prison and you came to me.' 37: Then the righteous will answer him, `Lord, when did we see thee hungry and feed thee, or thirsty and give thee drink? 38: And when did we see thee a stranger and welcome thee, or naked and clothe thee? 39: And when did we see thee sick or in prison and visit thee?' 40: And the King will answer them, `Truly, I say to you, as you did it to one of the least of these my brethren, you did it to me.' 41: Then he will say to those at his left hand, `Depart from me, you cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels; 42: for I was hungry and you gave me no food, I was thirsty and you gave me no drink, 43: I was a stranger and you did not welcome me, naked and you did not clothe me, sick and in prison and you did not visit me.' 44: Then they also will answer, `Lord, when did we see thee hungry or thirsty or a stranger or naked or sick or in prison, and did not minister to thee?' 45: Then he will answer them, `Truly, I say to you, as you did it not to one of the least of these, you did it not to me.' 46: And they will go away into eternal punishment, but the righteous into eternal life." (Mt 25:31-46)
From St. Paul's Letter to the Romans:
- 13: Now I am speaking to you Gentiles. Inasmuch then as I am an apostle to the Gentiles, I magnify my ministry 14: in order to make my fellow Jews jealous, and thus save some of them. 15: For if their rejection means the reconciliation of the world, what will their acceptance mean but life from the dead? 16: If the dough offered as first fruits is holy, so is the whole lump; and if the root is holy, so are the branches. 17: But if some of the branches were broken off, and you, a wild olive shoot, were grafted in their place to share the richness of the olive tree, 18: do not boast over the branches. If you do boast, remember it is not you that support the root, but the root that supports you. 19: You will say, "Branches were broken off so that I might be grafted in." 20: That is true. They were broken off because of their unbelief, but you stand fast only through faith. So do not become proud, but stand in awe. 21: For if God did not spare the natural branches, neither will he spare you. 22: Note then the kindness and the severity of God: severity toward those who have fallen, but God's kindness to you, provided you continue in his kindness; otherwise you too will be cut off. 23: And even the others, if they do not persist in their unbelief, will be grafted in, for God has the power to graft them in again. 24: For if you have been cut from what is by nature a wild olive tree, and grafted, contrary to nature, into a cultivated olive tree, how much more will these natural branches be grafted back into their own olive tree. (Rom 11:13-24)
As made evident by the preceding passages, it is possible to lose one's salvation.
Disclaimer: I do not wish to present myself as an expert in either theology, history, or scriptural interpretation. I am merely someone who is attempting to answer the call of Christ. The ultimate authority and interpreter of scripture is our Holy Catholic Church. If at any point I deviate from the teachings of the Church, please correct me, alfredo@nevarez.net, as this is my shortcoming and in no way meant to be an expression of my views superceding those of the Church founded by Jesus Christ.
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Alfredo Nevarez
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